Coronavírus

histórico e potenciais vacinas

Abstract

The new coronavirus was reported in late 2019 in China (Wuhan), from where it has spread rapidly and globally. In this work, aspects related to the history, biology, control and treatment measures of this new virus that was
named SARS-CoV-2 and causes COVID-19 will be addressed. The new coronavirus is capable of being asymptomatic, causing a severe acute respiratory syndrome, or a milder form of the disease characterized by common symptoms such as dry cough and fever. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused severe problems in the global health system due to the speed of the virus spreading, easiness of transmission, and deficiency in the absorption of severe cases requiring hospitalization. SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that has tropism through the mucosa of the respiratory tract and it needs the ACE-2 receptor (Angiotensin converting enzyme 2), which is present on the surface of endothelial, cardiac, pulmonary and kidneys in order to enter host cells, and promote their replication. Usually, the severe form of COVID-19 has mostly affected the population that already has comorbidities such as diabetes, high blood pressure, heart, and breathing problems. In order to pursue this review, a research has been undertaken using the PUBMED database extracting articles from May, June, and July 2020.. Faced with the seriousness of the current pandemic, the world has concentrated efforts and shared scientific knowledge in an unprecedented way. The discovery of one or more safe and efficient vaccines to combat COVID-19 would be the best prospect for controlling the pandemic.